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November 10, 1998

DAR OPINION NO. 110-98

GNG. GRACE M . LOGENIO

c/o DOLE - BWC

3rd Floor DOLE Bldg.

Intramuros, Manila

1002

Ginang Logenio:

Ito po ay hinggil sa inyong liham na humihingi ng kaliwanagan tungkol sa mga sumusunod na katanungan:

1.         Kung ang ikatlong parte sa hatian ng bentahan ng kopra ay sang-ayon sa batas?

2.         Kung ang palayan na sinasaka na napasailalim sa "Agrarian Reform Program" noong 1972 ay maaari sa tinatawag na "Leasehold Program"?

3.         Kung sakali na magbebenta ang may-ari ng isang ektarya mula sa sinasaka ng aking kapatid, ano po ang magiging karapatan niya bilang isang magsasaka?

Hinggil po sa inyong unang katanungan, nais po naming ipabatid sa inyo na ang "agricultural sharing system" ay ipinawalang bisa ng Batas Republika Bilang 3844, na sinususugan ng Batas Republika Blg. 6389 na nagkabisa noong ika-10 ng Setyembre 1971. Sa pamamagitan ng nasabing Batas, ang lahat po ng "agricultural share tenancy" ay magiging agricultural leasehold na. Ang Administrative Order No. 5, Series of 1993 (Rules and Procedures Governing Agricultural Leasehold And the Determination of Lease Rental for Tenanted Lands) ay nagsasaad ng mga sumusunod:

 

"I.         Prefatory Statement

 

xxx                      xxx                      xxx

By virtue of R.A. No. 3344 which took effect on; 8 August 1963, agricultural share tenancy was declared to be contrary to public policy and was, thereby; abolished. This was further strengthened in Section 4 of R.A. No. 6389 which provided that agricultural share tenancy throughout the country shall be automatically converted to agricultural leasehold.

xxx                      xxx                      xxx

 

III.       Policies and Governing Principle

 

Pursuant to Section 12 of R.A. No. 6657, and in order to fully implement the provisions of R.A. No. 3844, as amended, on agricultural leasehold, the following policies and principles are hereby issued:

A.        Agricultural leasehold shall be based on tenancy relationship. Such relationship exists when the following requisites are all present:

1.         The parties are the landowner and the tenant;

2.         There is consent by the landowner for the tenant to work on the land either orally or in writing, expressly or impliedly;

3.         The subject land is agricultural in nature;

4.         The purpose is agricultural production;

5.         There is personal cultivation on the part of the tenant, when he does it in person and/or with the aid of labor within his immediate farm household; and

6.         There is sharing of harvests or there is a consideration for the lease of the land in an amount certain in money or in produce, or both."

Hinggil sa inyong ikalawang katanungan, nais po naming ipagbigay alam na ayon sa Presidential Decree No. 27, ang inyong kapatid ay maaaring maging benepisaryo ng lupang kanyang sinasaka, subalit kung ang palayan ay nasasakop ng "retained area" ng nagmamay-ari ng palayan ay nararapat po lamang na magtatag ng "leasehold agreement" para mapangalagaan at mapaunlad ang kabuhayan ng magsasaka. Ganoon pa man, ang ugnayan ng magsasaka at ang may-ari ng lupa ay nararapat na naaayon sa nabanggit na alituntunin. Makakabuti po kung ito ay idulog ninyo sa opisina ng Kagawaran ng Repormang Pangsakahan na malapit sa inyong lugar.

Hinggil sa inyong huling katanungan, ang Seksyon 10, R.A. No. 3844, as amended, ay nagsasaad ng sumusunod:

"SECTION 10.         Agricultural Leasehold Relation Not Extinguished by Expiration of Period, etc. — The agricultural leasehold relation under this Code shall not be extinguished by the . . . sale, alienation or transfer of the legal possession of the landholding. In case the agricultural lessor sells, alienates or transfers the legal possession of the landholding, the purchaser or transferee thereof shall be subrogated to the rights and substituted to the obligations of the agricultural lessor."

Ayon sa nabanggit na probisyon ng Batas, ang isang magsasaka ay may karapatang manatili sa lupang kanyang sinasaka at maaari lamang siyang tanggalan ng karapatan bilang isang nananakahan sa mga kadahilanang naaayon sa Batas. Maliban sa nabanggit, ang magsasaka ay may higit na karapatan kaysa iba na bilhin ang lupa ayon sa Seksyon 11, R.A. No. 3844 na nagsasaad ng sumusunod:

"SECTION 11.         Lessee's Right of Pre-emption. — In case the agricultural lessor decides to sell the landholding, the agricultural lessee shall have preferential right to buy the same under reasonable terms and conditions; . . ."

Kalakip po nito ay ang nabanggit na administrative order para sa inyong karagdagang kaalaman. At kung nais po ninyo ng mga babasahin tungkol sa tenancy, kayo ay maaaring magtungo sa aming local DAR Office sa inyong lugar.

Maraming salamat po sa inyong pagliham at nawa ay natugunan namin ang inyong mga katanungan.

Sumasainyo,

(SGD.) DANILO T. LARA

Undersecretary for Legal Affairs, and Policy and Planning



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